TOPS is designed to protect the environment.
TOPS uses a low impact gasification phase to decompose carbon based components of unsorted Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in a manner that aims for zero discharge of waste products. The process itself ensures materials with a high "eco-footprint" are recovered: i.e., copper is recycled as copper, aluminum as aluminum, gold as gold, etc. Inert materials like silica and calcium remaining after gasification are virtually carbon free and may be used in concrete mixes. The result is that no residual material disposal is needed after the TOPS process: a zero waste state. Funny thing: by designing in an eco-friendly way, we reduce capital and operating costs too!
An innovative system of closing the carbon cycle is proposed. Dirty carbon (biomass in municipal solid waste) is gasified in the TOPS and recaptured by single-celled aquatic plants called algae (pond scum). Algae is one of nature's most efficient photosynthetic plant species and contains a high percentage of natural oils by weight (greater than canola or soy). These oils can, in turn, be recovered and used as a bio-fuel. Using algae collectors to sequester carbon mitigates the impacts of decomposing waste and adds value to the overall operation.
Before and After TOPS Conversion
Energy remaining in the condensing steam cycle of electricity generation cycle and plant exhaust may be used to generate and purify water. Water generation is achieved by condensing water from the atmosphere. Purification requires energy for pumping that will be captured within the system.
Energy remaining in the condensing steam cycle of the electricity generation cycle and plant exhaust may be used to support the controlled production of fish and vegetables in an aquaponic hothouse.
